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Persephone and Dionysos. Roman copy after a Greek original of the 4th–3rd century B.C. Marble. Hermitage.. In ancient Greek mythology and religion, Persephone (/ p ər ˈ s ɛ f ə n iː / pər-SEF-ə-nee; Greek: Περσεφόνη, romanized: Persephónē, classical pronunciation: [per.se.pʰó.nɛː]), also called Kore (/ ˈ k ɔːr iː / KOR-ee; Greek: Κόρη, romanized: Kórē, lit.
The Roman cult of Mother and Maiden named Proserpina as queen of the underworld, spouse to Rome's king of the underworld, Dis pater, and daughter to Ceres. The cult's functions, framework of myths and roles involved the agricultural cycle, seasonal death and rebirth, dutiful daughterhood and motherly care.
Hecate, goddess of witchcraft, she helped Demeter in the search for Persephone and was allowed to live in the Underworld as her magic works best at night; Hermes, the messenger god who acted as psychopompos; Hypnos, personification of sleep, twin of Thanatos, his Roman counterpart is Somnus; Keres, goddesses of violent death, sisters of Thanatos
The ancient myth of the Rape of Persephone is depicted in high relief on the sarcophagus. Persephone is carried away to the underworld by Pluto, the god of the underworld, with the help of Athena and Eros, on a quadriga led by the divine messenger Hermes. The hellhound Cerberus is found at Hermes' feet near the death god Tartarus.
The term "dying god" is associated with the works of James Frazer, [4] Jane Ellen Harrison, and their fellow Cambridge Ritualists. [16] At the end of the 19th century, in their The Golden Bough [4] and Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion, Frazer and Harrison argued that all myths are echoes of rituals, and that all rituals have as their primordial purpose the manipulation of natural ...
Dis Pater (/ ˌ d ɪ s ˈ p eɪ t ər /; Latin: [diːs patɛr]; genitive Ditis Patris), otherwise known as Rex Infernus or Pluto, is a Roman god of the underworld. Dis was originally associated with fertile agricultural land and mineral wealth, and since those minerals came from underground, he was later equated with the chthonic deities Pluto ...
The Ludovisi sarcophagus, an example of the battle scenes favored during the Crisis of the Third Century: the "writhing and highly emotive" Romans and Goths fill the surface in a packed, anti-classical composition [1] 3rd-century sarcophagus depicting the Labours of Hercules, a popular subject for sarcophagi Sarcophagus of Helena (d. 329) in porphyry
Seneca the Younger (c. 4 BC – AD 65) records the use in the first century AD of the crux compacta with transom (patibulum) and of the crux simplex ad infixionem (impalement), but does not mention the transom-less crux simplex ad affixionem; he seems to indicate that execution on a cross tended to follow a fairly common routine, while still ...