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The bridge and torch problem (also known as The Midnight Train [1] and Dangerous crossing [2]) is a logic puzzle that deals with four people, a bridge and a torch. It is in the category of river crossing puzzles , where a number of objects must move across a river, with some constraints.
Hashiwokakero (橋をかけろ Hashi o kakero; lit. "build bridges!") is a type of logic puzzle published by Nikoli. [1] It has also been published in English under the name Bridges or Chopsticks (based on a mistranslation: the hashi of the title, 橋, means bridge; hashi written with another character, 箸, means chopsticks).
An animation of the solution. His actions in the solution are summarized in the following steps: Take the goat over; Return empty-handed; Take the wolf or cabbage over; Return with the goat; Take whichever wasn't taken in step 3 over; Return empty-handed; Take the goat over; There are seven crossings: four forward and three back.
In the missionaries and cannibals problem, three missionaries and three cannibals must cross a river using a boat which can carry at most two people, under the constraint that, for both banks, if there are missionaries present on the bank, they cannot be outnumbered by cannibals (if they were, the cannibals would eat the missionaries).
Well-known river-crossing puzzles include: The fox, goose, and bag of beans puzzle, in which a farmer must transport a fox, goose and bag of beans from one side of a river to another using a boat which can only hold one item in addition to the farmer, subject to the constraints that the fox cannot be left alone with the goose, and the goose cannot be left alone with the beans.
The tale also comes into play during the first King's Quest (1983) game. A troll is guarding a bridge Graham needs to cross. The optimum solution to the puzzle is to lure a goat over to the bridge. Upon seeing the troll, the goat is angered, and butts it into the river below. The tale also comes into play during Magicland Dizzy (1990). A troll ...
Unlike other puzzle books, each page is involved in solving the book's riddle. Specifically, each page represents a room or space in a hypothetical house, and each room leads to other "rooms" in this "house". Part of the puzzle involves reaching the center of the house, Room #45 (page 45 in the book), and back to Room #1 in only sixteen steps.
It always ends with a "Final Crossing" segment in which the contestants who successfully crossed the bridge must earn the accumulated cash prize by crossing another bridge, selecting the true statement amongst the wrong ones a number of times; these statements are all "general knowledge" rather than corresponding to a category. [2]