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Apulian pottery depicting Lycrugus of Thrace, an ancient Greek king driven mad by Dionysus [1]. Mental illness in ancient Rome was recognized in law as an issue of mental competence, and was diagnosed and treated in terms of ancient medical knowledge and philosophy, primarily Greek in origin, while at the same time popularly thought to have been caused by divine punishment, demonic spirits, or ...
In the United States, a "mental hygiene" movement, originally defined in the 19th century, gained momentum and aimed to "prevent the disease of insanity" through public health methods and clinics. [72] The term mental health became more popular, however. Clinical psychology and social work developed as professions alongside psychiatry.
Later, though, the Community Mental Health Centers focus shifted to providing psychotherapy for those with acute but less serious mental disorders. [71] Ultimately there were no arrangements made for actively following and treating severely mentally ill patients who were being discharged from hospitals. [71]
The 1970s and 1980s saw a redirection in mental health towards deinstitutionalization. States around the country decided that mental health patients were better off living in the home with their families and being treated by the community than staying in removed surroundings in a hospital for a long-term stay. Two factors caused this sudden change.
The Mental Health Systems Act of 1980 (MHSA) was legislation signed by American President Jimmy Carter which provided grants to community mental health centers. In 1981 President Ronald Reagan, who had made major efforts during his governorship to reduce funding and enlistment for California mental institutions, pushed a political effort through the Democratically controlled House of ...
Nearly half of all 3,100 counties in America have no doctors certified to prescribe buprenorphine by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and the Drug Enforcement Administration, according to a Huffington Post analysis. Hundreds of counties have very few certified doctors.
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