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The common chub (Squalius cephalus), also known as the European chub or simply chub, [2] [1] is a species of European freshwater ray-finned fish in the carp family Cyprinidae, that frequents both slow and moderate rivers, as well as canals, lakes and still waterbodies of various kinds.
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The cephalic molluscs have two pairs of main nerve cords organized around a number of paired ganglia, the visceral cords serving the internal organs and the pedal ones serving the foot. Most pairs of corresponding ganglia on both sides of the body are linked by commissures (relatively large bundles of nerves).
The back of the fish is olive-green, sides are silvery and shade to white towards the belly. [2] The fish may have six to seven distinctive lateral horizontal stripes. Lips are thin. [2] The mullet has no lateral line. A common length is about 50 centimetres (20 in), and its maximum length is 100 centimetres (39 in). [2]
Fishes are a paraphyletic group and for this reason, the class Pisces seen in older reference works is no longer used in formal taxonomy.Traditional classification divides fish into three extant classes (Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, and Osteichthyes), and with extinct forms sometimes classified within those groups, sometimes as their own classes: [1]
Fish with common names including the word "mullet" may be a member of one family or the other, or even unrelated such as the freshwater Catostomus commersonii. [8] However, recent taxonomic work has reorganised the family and the following genera make up the Mugilidae: [9] [2]
Chimaeras [1] are cartilaginous fish in the order Chimaeriformes (/ k ɪ ˈ m ɛ r ɪ f ɔːr m iː z /), known informally as ghost sharks, rat fish (not to be confused with rattails), spookfish, or rabbit fish; the last two names are also applied to Opisthoproctidae and Siganidae, respectively.
The following is the full list of the extant species in Class Chondrichthyes, or the cartilaginous fish. Members of this class have a backbone , gills , no swim bladder , jaws , and a skeleton made of cartilage , a soft, strong material as a replacement for bone .