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Historically a cesium chloride (CsCl) solution was often used, but more commonly used density gradients are sucrose or Percoll.This application requires a solution with high density and yet relatively low viscosity, and CsCl suits it because of its high solubility in water, high density owing to the large mass of Cs, as well as low viscosity and high stability of CsCl solutions.
Differential centrifugation, on the other hand, does not utilize a density gradient, and the centrifugation is taken in increasing speeds. The different centrifugation speeds often create separation into not more than two fractions, so the supernatant can be separated further in additional centrifugation steps.
Sedimentation equilibrium experiments reports the molar mass of analytes and their chemical equilibrium constants. [3] The rotor speed is adjusted such that a steady-state concentration profile c(r) of the sample in the cell is formed, where sedimentation and diffusion cancel out each other.
During a relatively short or slow centrifugation, the particles are separated by size, with larger particles sedimenting farther than smaller ones. Over a long or fast centrifugation, particles travel to locations in the gradient where the density of the medium is the same as that of the particle density; (ρp – ρm) → 0.
Such an "equilibrium" centrifugation can allow extensive purification of a given particle. Sucrose gradient centrifugation —a linear concentration gradient of sugar (typically sucrose, glycerol, or a silica-based density gradient media, like Percoll )—is generated in a tube such that the highest concentration is on the bottom and lowest on top.
Equilibrium gradient centrifugation; I. Isopycnic centrifugation; U. Ultracentrifugation This page was last edited on 21 June 2022, at 04:11 (UTC). Text is ...
Rate-zonal centrifugation is a centrifugation technique employed to effectively separate particles of different sizes. [1] The tube is first filled with different concentrations of sucrose or another solute establishing layers with different densities and viscosities , forming a density gradient , within which the particles to be separated are ...
Concentration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation in Percoll [1] Percoll is a reagent consisting of colloidal silica particles used in cell biology and other laboratory settings. It was first formulated by Pertoft and colleagues, [2] and commercialized by Pharmacia Fine Chemicals. [3]