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The body is continually exposed to many species of bacteria, including beneficial commensals, which grow on the skin and mucous membranes, and saprophytes, which grow mainly in the soil and in decaying matter. The blood and tissue fluids contain nutrients sufficient to sustain the growth of many bacteria.
The main "highways" for the spread of pathogens in the home are the hands, hand and food contact surfaces, and cleaning cloths and utensils (e.g. fecal–oral route of transmission). Pathogens can also be spread via clothing and household linens, such as towels. Utilities such as toilets and wash basins were invented to deal safely with human ...
use of a warm air hand dryer spread micro-organisms up to 0.25 metres from the dryer; paper towels showed no significant spread of micro-organisms. In 2005, in a study conducted by TÜV Produkt und Umwelt, different hand drying methods were evaluated. [12] The following changes in the bacterial count after drying the hands were observed:
The thought of touching a door handle in a public restroom is cringe-inducing. It takes just one person who doesn't wash his or her hands to leave some germs hanging around to get passed on and ...
Transmission-based precautions are infection-control precautions in health care, in addition to the so-called "standard precautions". They are the latest routine infection prevention and control practices applied for patients who are known or suspected to be infected or colonized with infectious agents, including certain epidemiologically important pathogens, which require additional control ...
The bacterium that causes tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is generally spread when an infected person coughs and another person inhales the bacteria. Once inhaled TB frequently grows in the lungs, but can spread to any part of the body. Although TB is highly contagious, in most cases the human body is able to fend off the bacteria.
A mechanical vector picks up an infectious agent on the outside of its body and transmits it in a passive manner. An example of a mechanical vector is a housefly, which lands on cow dung, contaminating its appendages with bacteria from the feces, and then lands on food prior to consumption. The pathogen never enters the body of the fly.
The infection can spread to the bloodstream, lungs, heart, bones and joints and can become life-threatening. Some strains of Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli bacteria, can cause serious ...
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