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Simply switching the patient from 40 mg of morphine to 10 mg of levorphanol would be dangerous due to dose accumulation, and hence frequency of administration should also be taken into account. There are other concerns about equianalgesic charts. Many charts derive their data from studies conducted on opioid-naive patients.
According to a Cochrane review in 2013, extended-release morphine as an opioid replacement therapy for people with heroin addiction or dependence confers a possible reduction of opioid use and with fewer depressive symptoms but overall more adverse effects when compared to other forms of long-acting opioids. The length of time in treatment was ...
Morphine [2] 9668 opiate Noroxymorphone [5] 9610 opiate Opium extracts [2] 9620 opiate Opium fluid [2] 9330 opiate Oripavine [6] 9143 opiate Oxycodone [2] 9652 opiate Oxymorphone [2] 9639 opiate Powdered opium [2] 9600 opiate Raw opium [2] 9333 opiate Thebaine [2] 9630 opiate Tincture of opium [2] opiate Opium poppy and poppy straw [7] [note 1 ...
Extensive research has been conducted to determine equivalence ratios comparing the relative potency of opioids. Given a dose of an opioid, an equianalgesic table is used to find the equivalent dosage of another. Such tables are used in opioid rotation practices, and to describe an opioid by comparison to morphine, the reference opioid.
Morphine is highly addictive and prone to abuse. [12] If one's dose is reduced after long-term use, opioid withdrawal symptoms may occur. [12] Caution is advised for the use of morphine during pregnancy or breastfeeding, as it may affect the health of the baby. [12] [2] Morphine was first isolated in 1804 by German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner.
In the United States the formula for Paregoric U.S.P. is a tincture of opium 40 ml, anise oil 4 ml, benzoic acid 4 g, camphor 4 g, glycerin 40 ml, alcohol 450 ml, purified water 450 ml, diluted with alcohol [16] to 1000 ml, and contains the equivalent of 0.4 mg/ml of anhydrous morphine; one ounce of paregoric contains 129.6 mg (2 grains) of ...
"Pain ladder", or analgesic ladder, was created by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a guideline for the use of drugs in the management of pain. Originally published in 1986 for the management of cancer pain, it is now widely used by medical professionals for the management of all types of pain.
Considered a low-to-medium-potency opioid, tilidine has the oral potency of about 0.2, that is, a dose of 100 mg p.o. is equianalgesic to approximately 20 mg morphine sulfate orally. It is administered orally (by mouth), rectally (by a suppository ), or by injection (SC, IM, or slowly IV).