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The solution presented explains how to solve the problem in a spreadsheet, showing the calculations column by column. Within Excel, the goal seek function can be used to set column 15 to 0 by changing the depth estimate in column 2 instead of iterating manually.
Reliability block diagrams or fault trees are usually constructed at the same time. These diagrams are used to trace information flow at different levels of system hierarchy, identify critical paths and interfaces, and identify the higher level effects of lower level failures.
Figure 1a shows the flow through the nozzle when it is completely subsonic (i.e. the nozzle is not choked). The flow in the chamber accelerates as it converges toward the throat, where it reaches its maximum (subsonic) speed at the throat. The flow then decelerates through the diverging section and exhausts into the ambient as a subsonic jet.
This can be used to calculate mean values (expectations) of the flow rates, head losses or any other variables of interest in the pipe network. This analysis has been extended using a reduced-parameter entropic formulation, which ensures consistency of the analysis regardless of the graphical representation of the network. [3]
If more than one formula is applicable in the flow regime under consideration, the choice of formula may be influenced by one or more of the following: Required accuracy; Speed of computation required; Available computational technology: calculator (minimize keystrokes) spreadsheet (single-cell formula) programming/scripting language (subroutine).
Techno-economic assessment or techno-economic analysis (abbreviated TEA) is a method of analyzing the economic performance of an industrial process, product, or service. . The methodology originates from earlier work on combining technical, economic and risk assessments for chemical production processes
The flow rate can be converted to a mean flow velocity V by dividing by the wetted area of the flow (which equals the cross-sectional area of the pipe if the pipe is full of fluid). Pressure has dimensions of energy per unit volume, therefore the pressure drop between two points must be proportional to the dynamic pressure q.
This example is a very basic hydraulic jump situation where the flow approaches at a supercritical depth, y 1, and jumps to its subcritical conjugate depth, y 2, in order to obtain the necessary energy to continue moving down the channel with the given flow rate, q. Figure 6. M-y Diagram