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Cyclops bicuspidatus is a planktonic species of copepod found throughout the world, except Australia, [4] and characteristic of the Great Lakes of North America. [5] It is a deep water species found throughout the year with peak abundance occurring in May or June. [5]
Zooplankton (/ ˈ z oʊ. ə p l æ ŋ k t ən /; [2] / ˌ z oʊ. ə ˈ p l æ ŋ k t ən /) [3] are heterotrophic (sometimes detritivorous) plankton. The word zooplankton is derived from Ancient Greek : ζῷον , romanized : zôion , lit.
The global biomass of gelatinous zooplankton (sometimes referred to as jelly‐C) within the upper 200 m of the ocean amounts to 0.038 Pg C. [21] Calculations for mesozooplankton (200 μm to 2 cm) suggest about 0.20 Pg C. [22] The short life span of most gelatinous zooplankton, from weeks up to 2 to 12 months, [23] [24] suggests biomass ...
Fish larvae are part of the zooplankton that eat smaller plankton, while fish eggs carry their own food supply. Both eggs and larvae are themselves eaten by larger animals. [2] [3] Fish can produce high numbers of eggs which are often released into the open water column. Fish eggs typically have a diameter of about 1 millimetre (0.039 in).
[140] [141] [142] The export rate of the lipid pump may vary from 1–9.3 g C m −2 y −1 across temperate and subpolar regions containing seasonally-migrating zooplankton. [142] The role of zooplankton, and particularly copepods, in the food web is crucial to the survival of higher trophic level organisms whose primary source of nutrition is ...
A planktivore is an aquatic organism that feeds on planktonic food, including zooplankton and phytoplankton. [1] [2] Planktivorous organisms encompass a range of some of the planet's smallest to largest multicellular animals in both the present day and in the past billion years; basking sharks and copepods are just two examples of giant and microscopic organisms that feed upon plankton.
The world ocean covers an area of 3.618 × 10 8 km 2 with a mean depth of 3682 m, resulting in an estimated volume of 1.332 × 10 9 km 3. [17] If all of Earth's crustal surface was at the same elevation as a smooth sphere, the depth of the resulting world ocean would be about 2.7 kilometres (1.7 mi).
Calanoid copepods are the dominant animals in the plankton in many parts of the world's oceans, making up 55–95% of plankton samples. [2] They are therefore important in many food webs, taking in energy from phytoplankton and algae and 'repackaging' it for consumption by higher trophic level predators. [ 2 ]