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Image:BlankMap-Europe-v3.png – Europe without borders, showing some of North Africa and Western Asia. Image:BlankMap-Europe-v4.png – Version of Image:BlankMap-Europe-v3.png, but with borders shown; Image:BlankMap-Europe-v5.png – White background, black borders, blue sea.
European exploration and settlement of Oceania began in the 16th century, starting with the Spanish landings and shipwrecks in the Mariana Islands, east of the Philippines. This was followed by the Portuguese landing and settling temporarily (due to the monsoons) in some of the Caroline Islands and Papua New Guinea. Several Spanish landings in ...
There is no evidence of a pre-Māori civilisation in mainland New Zealand. [25] [26] The original settlers quickly exploited the abundant large game in New Zealand, such as moa, which were large flightless ratites pushed to extinction by about 1500. As moa and other large game became scarce or extinct, Māori culture underwent major change ...
From 1815 to 1932, 65 million people left Europe (with many returning home), primarily to areas of European settlement in North and South America, [3] in addition to South Africa, Australia, [4] New Zealand, and Siberia. [5] These populations also multiplied rapidly in their new habitat; much more so than the populations of Africa and Asia.
This is a list of former European colonies. The European countries which had the most colonies throughout history were: United Kingdom , France , Portugal , Spain , Netherlands (29), Germany (20), Russia (17), Denmark (9), Sweden (8), Italy (7), Norway (6), Belgium (3), and Courland (2).
Due to New Zealand's geographic isolation, several centuries passed before the next phase of settlement, that of Europeans. Only then did the original inhabitants need to distinguish themselves from the new arrivals, using the adjective "māori" which means "ordinary" or "indigenous" which later became a noun although the term New Zealand native was common until about 1890.
A few dozen free settlers settled on the west coast in the following years. [87] New Caledonia became a penal colony, and from the 1860s until the end of the transportations in 1897, about 22,000 criminals and political prisoners were sent to New Caledonia, among them many Communards, including Henri de Rochefort and Louise Michel. [88]
The Norse explored and colonized areas of Europe and the North Atlantic, colonizing Greenland and creating a short-term settlement near the northern tip of Newfoundland circa 1000 AD. However, due to its long duration and importance, the later colonization by the European powers involving the continents of North America and South America is ...