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The Great Sumatran fault, also known as Semangko fault, is a large strike-slip fault running the entire length of the island of Sumatra. This Indonesian island is located in a highly seismic area of the world, including a subduction zone off the west coast of the island.
Map of the Great Sumatran Fault with labelled segments. The 1943 Alahan Panjang earthquakes occurred on June 8 and June 9 UTC (June 9, 1943, local time) in Sumatra, then under Japanese occupation. This was an earthquake doublet (the shocks occurred at the same location on consecutive days). [5] The first mainshock occurred on June 8 at 20:42 UTC.
The first of the 2009 Sumatra earthquakes (Indonesian: Gempa bumi Sumatra 2009) occurred on 30 September off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia with a moment magnitude of 7.6 at 17:16:10 local time. The epicenter was 45 kilometres (28 mi) west-northwest of Padang, West Sumatra, and 220 kilometres (140 mi) southwest of Pekanbaru, Riau.
In addition to southern Sumatra, the earthquake could be felt in western Java and Singapore. [2] Intense smoke and gas activity was observed in the Suwoh volcanic area. [5] The earthquake took place at the Sumatran Fault Zone. The Sumatran Fault Zone is 1,900 km long and highly segmented. It can be divided into about 20 segments. [3]
The novel describes, in retrospect, the history and culture of California from its earliest days, and its influence on the rest of the United States and the world when - after an unspecified date in 1969 - the state suffers a Richter magnitude 9 earthquake and the populous coastal regions west of the San Andreas Fault sink into the Pacific Ocean.
That earthquake caused close to $100 million in damage in the most recent estimate, according to Lori Dengler, an emeritus professor in geology at California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt.
A full fault rupture, estimated to be around a 7.5 magnitude, could kill between 3,000 and 18,000 people, according to US Geological Survey and Southern California Earthquake Center.
The 1933 Sumatra earthquake or Liwa earthquake affected southern Sumatra, Indonesia, on 25 June at 04:54 WIB. The earthquake had an estimated surface-wave magnitude (M s ) of 7.5–7.7 and occurred at a shallow depth of 20 km (12 mi). It was caused by slip along a 130 km (81 mi) section of the seismically active Great Sumatran fault.