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Bone: alendronate has been linked in long-term users to the development of low-impact femoral fractures. [15] Further, studies suggest that users of alendronate have an increase in the numbers of osteoclasts and develop giant, more multinucleated osteoclasts; the significance of this development is unclear. [16]
Still, elderly people make up the fastest growing population in the world. As bone mass declines with age, the risk of fractures increases. Annual incidence of osteoporotic fractures is more than 1.5 million in the US and notably 20% of people die during the first year after a hip fracture. [5]
Long-term treatment with bisphosphonates produces anti-fracture and bone mineral density effects that persist for 3–5 years after an initial 3–5 years of treatment. [2] The bisphosphonate alendronate reduces the risk of hip, vertebral, and wrist fractures by 35-39%; zoledronate reduces the risk of hip fractures by 38% and of vertebral ...
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A 24-week randomized trial was conducted in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (n=222) assessing bone mass density (BMD) changes as the primary endpoint. [18] Significant BMD increase at doses of 40 and 80 mcg were found in the lumbar spine , femur and hips of abaloparatide-treated participants compared to placebo .
A scanner used to measure bone density using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone density, or bone mineral density, is the amount of bone mineral in bone tissue.The concept is of mass of mineral per volume of bone (relating to density in the physics sense), although clinically it is measured by proxy according to optical density per square centimetre of bone surface upon imaging. [1]
A bone mineral density test, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, is commonly used to assess bone strength, particularly in the hip and spine. [20] Screening is generally recommended for women aged 65 and older, postmenopausal women with risk factors, [18] [21] and some men based on clinical evaluation. [18]
Alendronic acid/colecalciferol, sold under the brand name Fosamax Plus D among others, is a medication for the treatment of osteoporosis in men or in postmenopausal women. [3] [2] [4] [6] Alendronic acid/colecalciferol was approved for use in the United States and in the European Union in 2005. [7] [5]