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  2. Law of tangents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_tangents

    compute the angle difference α − β = Δ; use that to calculate β = (180° − γ − Δ)/2 and then α = β + Δ. Once an angle opposite a known side is computed, the remaining side c can be computed using the law of sines .

  3. Tangential angle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangential_angle

    The tangential angle φ for an arbitrary curve A in P.. In geometry, the tangential angle of a curve in the Cartesian plane, at a specific point, is the angle between the tangent line to the curve at the given point and the x-axis. [1]

  4. Tangent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent

    Tangent to a curve. The red line is tangential to the curve at the point marked by a red dot. Tangent plane to a sphere. In geometry, the tangent line (or simply tangent) to a plane curve at a given point is, intuitively, the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point.

  5. Tangent lines to circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles

    The same reciprocal relation exists between a point P outside the circle and the secant line joining its two points of tangency. If a point P is exterior to a circle with center O, and if the tangent lines from P touch the circle at points T and S, then ∠TPS and ∠TOS are supplementary (sum to 180°).

  6. Descartes' theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descartes'_theorem

    The inclination, sometimes called inversive distance, is when the circles are tangent and oriented the same way at their point of tangency, when the two circles are tangent and oriented oppositely at the point of tangency, for orthogonal circles, outside the interval [,] for non-intersecting circles, and in the limit as one circle degenerates ...

  7. Circle packing theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_packing_theorem

    The circle packing theorem (also known as the Koebe–Andreev–Thurston theorem) describes the possible tangency relations between circles in the plane whose interiors are disjoint. A circle packing is a connected collection of circles (in general, on any Riemann surface ) whose interiors are disjoint.

  8. Enumerative geometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumerative_geometry

    This problem asks for the number and construction of circles that are tangent to three given circles, points or lines. In general, the problem for three given circles has eight solutions, which can be seen as 2 3, each tangency condition imposing a quadratic condition on the space of circles. However, for special arrangements of the given ...

  9. Tangent vector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_vector

    In mathematics, a tangent vector is a vector that is tangent to a curve or surface at a given point. Tangent vectors are described in the differential geometry of curves in the context of curves in R n.