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Tamazight, or Standard Algerian Berber, [1] is the standardized national variety of Berber (specifically Kabyle) spoken in Algeria. It is under active development since the officialization of Berber in Algeria in 2016.
Many Kabyles also speak Algerian Arabic and French. During the first centuries of their history, Kabyles used the Libyco-Berber writing system (ancestor of the modern Tifinagh). Since the beginning of the 19th century, and under French influence, Kabyle intellectuals began to use the Latin script. It is the basis for the modern Berber Latin ...
Map of the linguistic situation of Kabyle in eastern Algeria. [11] [12]Kabyle Berber is native to Kabylia.It is present in seven Algerian districts. Approximately one-third of Algerians are Berber-speakers, clustered mostly near Algiers, in Kabylian and Shawi, but with some communities related to Kabyle in the west (Shenwa languages), east and south of the country. [1]
It the western regional dialect of Algerian Arabic, belongs to the Maghrebi Arabic family, and marked by a Berber and Spanish substrates. [2] As well it shares a rich vocabulary common with as the Maltese and the Tunisian Arabic. It has become known outside of Algeria, notably thanks to the Algerian folk music Raï since the 1980s.
The use of Berber languages in the Algerian parliament. The officialization of Tamazight in Algeria. The creation of a degree in Berber languages. The creation of the Algerian Academy of Amazigh Language. In 2023, the Haut commissariat à l'amazighité recommended the generalization of mandatory Amazigh education to all Algerian schools. [4] [5]
However, in the 1960s and 1970s, English was not prominently featured in Algerian textbooks, possibly due to apprehension regarding a neocolonial experience similar to that of France. By the mid-1980s, English started to gain space in society. According to a 1984 report by the British Council, English was considered a third language in Algeria. [5]
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The name Berber comes from Barbari, which was used by the Romans. Barbari is a Latin word meaning Barbarians. Their tribes could be found across the northern region. However, when the Muslims invaded and took over the northern region of Africa, they spread the Arabic language, which eventually led to the diminished use of Tidikelt Tamazight.