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Citrus Black Spot has a large economic impact on many countries because the black blemishes make it undesirable for human consumption and therefore the infected fruit cannot be sold. This type of economic impact is felt most in Australia and South Africa where the disease has been present for a number of years. [ 37 ]
Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon Alternaria citri: Alternaria stem-end rot Alternaria citri: Anthracnose = wither-tip Glomerella cingulata Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph] Areolate leaf spot Thanatephorus cucumeris = Pellicularia filamentosa Rhizoctonia solani [anamorph] Black mold rot Aspergillus niger: Black root rot Thielaviopsis ...
One symptom of the pathogen is the black rot that is produced. The black hyphae that form on the surface of the plant is a sign of the actual pathogen. While healthy and uninfected fruits will display a particular hue, a plant infected by A. citri will possess atypical and usually more brightly colored fruits which signifies presence of the ...
The pathogen causes black spot of fruit, but can also be seen attacking the plant at its crowns, roots and leaves. [3] After planting, stunting and yellowing as well as wilting may occur. [4] General symptoms of the disease in other plants can also be seen on flowers, petioles, and roots. [5] Stems are also a prominent place to see symptoms.
Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid, is a sap-sucking, hemipteran bug now in the taxonomic family Liviidae. [1] It is one of two confirmed vectors of citrus greening disease . [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It has a wide distribution in southern Asia and has spread to other citrus growing regions.
Prays citri, also known by the common name citrus flower moth, is a Lepidoptera belonging to the family Yponomeutidae and is a pest of Citrus. [1] Adult P. citri have light grey forewings with dark grey/black spots and greyish brown hindwings and body. [ 2 ]
Phyllosticta capitalensis is a cosmopolitan fungal plant pathogen that grows on many hosts either as an endophyte [1] or as a saprobe on dead tissue, including species of Citrus and Musa . [2] There are some reports of it infecting orchids, such as cattleyas or Cymbidium .
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is a fungus which causes anthracnose, or black spot disease, of the common bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris).It is considered a hemibiotrophic pathogen because it spends part of its infection cycle as a biotroph, living off of the host but not harming it, and the other part as a necrotroph, killing and obtaining nutrients from the host tissues.