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Over the years, the JPO has continued to amend these guidelines to clarify their application to new technologies. These amendments have broadened the scope of patents within the biotechnology industry. The Japanese Patent Act requires that patented inventions be “industrially applicable”, i.e. they must have market or commercial potential ...
In 1999, the National Institute of Biotechnology was established as the centre of excellence in biotechnological education. [1] To accelerate multidimensional biotechnological research, in 2006, the government adopted the national policy guidelines on biotechnology which was approved by the National Task force on biotechnology. [2]
Bioethics and Patent Law: The Cases of Moore and the Hagahai People by Anja von der Ropp and Tony Taubman, WIPO Magazine, September 2006. "An Examination of the Issues Surrounding Biotechnology Patenting and its Effect Upon Entrepreneurial Companies", United States Congressional Research Service, August 31, 2000
A biologist conducting research in a biotechnology laboratory. Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field that involves the integration of natural sciences and engineering sciences in order to achieve the application of organisms and parts thereof for products and services. [1] Specialists in the field are known as biotechnologists.
Biomolecular engineering is the application of engineering principles and practices to the purposeful manipulation of molecules of biological origin. Biomolecular engineers integrate knowledge of biological processes with the core knowledge of chemical engineering in order to focus on molecular level solutions to issues and problems in the life sciences related to the environment, agriculture ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to biotechnology: Biotechnology – field of applied biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. Biotechnology also utilizes these products for manufacturing purposes.
A ribosome is a biological machine that utilizes protein dynamics. At the first C.E.C. Workshop, in Brussels in November 1991, bioelectronics was defined as 'the use of biological materials and biological architectures for information processing systems and new devices'.
Ironically, the application for bio-based surfactants with the most demand is the oil industry which uses surfactants in general production as well as development of specific oil compositions. [ 57 ] Microbes are an abundant source of lipases which have a wide variety of industrial and consumer applications.