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2. Pulmonary regurgitation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_regurgitation

   Pulmonary (or pulmonic[4]) regurgitation (or insufficiency, incompetence) is a condition in which the pulmonary valve is incompetent [5] and allows backflow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle of the heart during diastole. [6] While a small amount of backflow may occur ordinarily, it is usually only shown on an echocardiogram and ...

3. Heart murmur - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_murmur

   Pulmonary valve regurgitation presents as a diastolic decrescendo murmur. One may hear it at the left lower sternal border. A palpable S2 in the second left intercostal space correlates with pulmonary hypertension due to mitral stenosis. The cooing dove murmur is a cardiac murmur with a musical quality (high pitched).

4. Tricuspid regurgitation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricuspid_regurgitation

   Tricuspid regurgitation. Tricuspid regurgitation (TR), also called tricuspid insufficiency, is a type of valvular heart disease in which the tricuspid valve of the heart, located between the right atrium and right ventricle, does not close completely when the right ventricle contracts (systole). TR allows the blood to flow backwards from the ...

5. Diastolic heart murmur - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diastolic_heart_murmur

   Diastolic heart murmur. Auscultogram from normal and abnormal heart sounds. Diastolic heart murmurs are heart murmurs heard during diastole, [1][2][3] i.e. they start at or after S2 and end before or at S1. Many involve stenosis of the atrioventricular valves or regurgitation of the semilunar valves.

6. Tetralogy of Fallot - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetralogy_of_Fallot

   Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), formerly known as Steno-Fallot tetralogy, [9] is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific cardiac defects. [4] Classically, the four defects are: [4] pulmonary stenosis, which is narrowing of the exit from the right ventricle; a ventricular septal defect, which is a hole allowing blood to flow between ...

7. Pulmonic stenosis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonic_stenosis

   When pulmonic stenosis (PS) is present, resistance to blood flow causes right ventricular hypertrophy. If right ventricular failure develops, right atrial pressure will increase, and this may result in a persistent opening of the foramen ovale, shunting of unoxygenated blood from the right atrium into the left atrium, and systemic cyanosis.