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Protozoa (sg.: protozoan or protozoon; alternative plural: protozoans) are a polyphyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, that feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic debris.
Later, in 1845, Carl Theodor von Siebold was the first to establish Protozoa as a phylum of exclusively unicellular animals consisting of two classes: Infusoria (ciliates) and Rhizopoda (amoebae, foraminifera). [188]
A protist (/ ˈ p r oʊ t ɪ s t /) is any eukaryotic organism (one with cells containing a nucleus) that is not an animal, plant, or fungus.The protists do not form a natural group, or clade, since they exclude certain eukaryotes with whom they share a common ancestor; [a] but, like algae or invertebrates, the grouping is used for convenience.
A typical example of a ciliated microorganism is the Paramecium, a one-celled, ciliated protozoan covered by thousands of cilia. The cilia beating together allow the Paramecium to propel through the water at speeds of 500 micrometers per second.
The characteristics of phylum sarcomastigophora are : (1) Nucleus is of one type except in the stages of certain foraminifera. (2) Locomotory organ either pseudopodia or flagella or both. (3) Reproduction asexual, but when sexually it is essentially by syngamy. Example : Amoeba, Euglena etc.
The phylum Cercozoa includes many of the most abundant and ecologically significant protozoa in soil, marine and freshwater ecosystems. [ 8 ] Soil-dwelling cercozoans are one of the dominant groups of free-living eukaryotic microorganisms found in temperate soils, accounting for around 30% of identifiable protozoan DNA in arid or semi-arid ...
In most systems of taxonomy, "Ciliophora" is ranked as a phylum [6] under any of several kingdoms, including Chromista, [7] Protista [8] or Protozoa. [9] In some older systems of classification, such as the influential taxonomic works of Alfred Kahl , ciliated protozoa are placed within the class " Ciliata " [ 10 ] [ 11 ] (a term which can also ...
The first Apicomplexa protozoan was seen by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, who in 1674 saw probably oocysts of Eimeria stiedae in the gall bladder of a rabbit. The first species of the phylum to be described, Gregarina ovata , in earwigs ' intestines, was named by Dufour in 1828.