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Pterophyllum is a small genus of freshwater fish from the family Cichlidae known to most aquarists as angelfish. All Pterophyllum species originate from the Amazon Basin , Orinoco Basin and various rivers in the Guiana Shield in tropical South America.
Pterophyllum eimekei C. G. E. Ahl, 1928 Pterophyllum scalare , most commonly referred to as angelfish or freshwater angelfish , is the most common species of Pterophyllum kept in captivity. It is native to the Amazon Basin in Peru , Colombia , and Brazil .
Pterophyllum filicoides, a species named by Schlotheim in 1822, was established as the type species of Pterophyllum by Zeiller in 1906. [1] The name Pterophyllum was first introduced in 1825 by Brongniart, who described two species from the Upper Triassic found in Sweden. These species were P. minus and P. majus.
Pterophyllum leopoldi, also referred to as the teardrop angelfish, Leopold's angelfish [1] dwarf angelfish, or roman-nosed angelfish, [2] is an angelfish species native to the Amazon River (between Manacapuru and Santarém), Essequibo River and Rupununi River.
Pterophyllum altum, also referred to as the altum angelfish, deep angelfish, or Orinoco angelfish, [1] occurs strictly in the Orinoco River Basin and the Upper Rio Negro watershed in Southern Venezuela, Southeastern Colombia and extreme Northern Brazil.
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There are two families within the Cichliformes; the convict blennies are a small family consisting of a single genus and two species, while the cichlids are one of the largest vertebrate families with over 202 genera and more than 1700 species.
The most common species in hobbyist aquaria is Pterophyllum scalare from the Amazon River basin in tropical South America, known in the trade as the "angelfish". Other popular or readily available species include the oscar (Astronotus ocellatus), convict cichlid (Archocentrus nigrofasciatus) and discus fish (Symphysodon). [8]