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Protease inhibitors were the second class of antiretroviral drugs developed. The first members of this class, saquinavir , ritonavir , and indinavir , were approved in late 1995–1996. Within 2 years, annual deaths from AIDS in the United States fell from over 50,000 to approximately 18,000 [ 5 ] Prior to this the annual death rate had been ...
2.5 Histone deacetylase inhibitors: Panobinostat: add: add: add: add Romidepsin: IV: Histone deacetylase inhibitor, hence inducing alterations in gene expression in the affected cells. Peripheral and cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Electrolyte anomalies, anaemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia and ECG anomalies. Valproate [Note 1] PO, IV ...
Drugs used in diabetes treat types of diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin , most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide , exenatide , and others), and pramlintide , all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic agents.
The most common side effects are headache, diarrhea, and tiredness. [7] [8] In those with a history of hepatitis B, reactivation may occur. [8] It is not recommended in people with moderate to severe liver disease. [7] Glecaprevir works by blocking the protein NS3/4A protease, while pibrentasvir works by blocking NS5A. [4]
Other side effects include allergic reactions and reactivation of hepatitis B among those previously infected. [6] Use is not recommended in those with significant liver problems. [6] While there is no evidence of harm with use during pregnancy, this use has not been well studied. [6] Each of the medications works by a different mechanism. [7]
The HCV genome. NS5A in the bottom row, second from the right. Nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitors are direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) that target viral proteins, and their development was a culmination of increased understanding of the viral life cycle combined with advances in drug discovery technology.
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