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Another example is cutaneous candidiasis. These fungal infections impair superficial layers of the skin, hair and nails. [1] Dermatomycosis is one of the most common types of infection worldwide. [2] In some populations, over 20% of people have a dermatomycosis, which is typically not severe enough to prompt them to visit a clinic.
Tinea versicolor (also known as dermatomycosis furfuracea, pityriasis versicolor, and tinea flava) [2] is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities, hypopigmentation macule in area of sun induced pigmentation. During the winter the pigment becomes reddish brown.
Dermatophytosis, also known as tinea and ringworm, is a fungal infection of the skin [2] (a dermatomycosis), that may affect skin, hair, and nails. [1] Typically it results in a red, itchy, scaly, circular rash. [1] Hair loss may occur in the area affected. [1] Symptoms begin four to fourteen days after exposure. [1]
Fungal infection, also known as mycosis, is a disease caused by fungi. [5] [13] Different types are traditionally divided according to the part of the body affected; superficial, subcutaneous, and systemic.
Children from ages 3–7 are most commonly infected with tinea capitis. [3] Trichophyton tonsurans is the most common cause of out breaks of tinea capitis in children, and is the main cause of endothrix (inside hair) infections. Trichophyton rubrum is also a very common cause of favus, a form of tinea capitis in which crusts are seen on the scalp.
Superficial scrapes of skin examined underneath a microscope may reveal the presence of a fungus.This is done by utilizing a diagnostic method called KOH test, [6] wherein the skin scrapings are placed on a slide and immersed on a dropful of potassium hydroxide solution to dissolve the keratin on the skin scrappings thus leaving fungal elements such as hyphae, septate or yeast cells viewable.
Microsporum canis has been identified as a causal agent of a ringworm infection in pets, tinea capitis and tinea corporis in humans, children in particular. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 5 ] [ 14 ] [ 15 ] Microsporum canis is among the most common dermatophytes associated with tinea capitis and tinea corporis.
[17] [18] Therefore, most current textbooks present a classification based on location (for example, conditions of the mucous membrane), morphology (chronic blistering conditions), etiology (skin conditions resulting from physical factors), and so on.