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In quality management, a nonconformity (sometimes referred to as a non conformance or nonconformance or defect) is a deviation from a specification, a standard, or an expectation. Nonconformities or nonconformance can be classified in seriousness multiple ways, though a typical classification scheme may have three to four levels, including ...
The effects of interpersonal influence were well documented through Schachter's 1951, [2] experiments involving three confederates in an all-male discussion group. One confederate was the deviant , who was assigned to always disagree with the majority; the next was the slider , who disagreed initially but was told to eventually conform; and the ...
Thus, conformity is sometimes a product of group communication. [2] This tendency to conform occurs in small groups and/or in society as a whole and may result from subtle unconscious influences (predisposed state of mind), or from direct and overt social pressure. Conformity can occur in the presence of others, or when an individual is alone.
Solomon Asch's experiments on group conformity mark a departure from these earlier studies by removing investigator influence from experimental conditions. In 1951, Asch conducted his first conformity laboratory experiments at Swarthmore College, laying the foundation for his remaining conformity studies. The experiment was published on two ...
Conversion comformity is the positive influence of the individual to agree both publicly and privately to a change in opinion by another individual. Compliance conformity is the agreement occurring after a public agreement but remaining in disagreement privately. Anticonformity is the continuous need for behavioral and cognitive independence.
There is a distinction between individualistic (e.g., United States) and collectivistic (e.g., Japan) cultures. [2] [12] While some predict that collectivistic cultures would exhibit stronger conformity under normative social influence, this is not necessarily the case—the identity of the group acts as a potential moderator. Because ...
Asch also believed the relationship between conformity and non-conformity was not as simple as one being the opposite of the other. This was Asch's third influential idea, and he suggested that conformity and resistance might be explained by their own unique social psychological processes.
When the communication adds to the recipient's knowledge of the norms and increases their conformity. When non-conformity to their own group results in feelings of guilt or social punishment. When the communicator's position is too far from the recipient's position and thus produces a "contrast" effect and thus enhances their original attitudes.