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Freedom of speech and freedom of the press are enshrined in the 1987 Constitution.According to the Constitution, under Article XVI, Section 10, the State is obligated to "provide the policy environment for … the balanced flow of information into, out of, and across the country, in accordance with a policy that respects the freedom of speech and of the press."
The law was enacted intending to curb cybercriminal activities. The law also aims to address issues related to trolling, hate speech, and online disinformation. [1] Human rights groups, media organizations, computer professionals, and labor groups have raised questions about how the law might violate rights to free speech, privacy, and due process.
For example, in Austria, defaming Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, is not protected as free speech. [44] [45] [46] In contrast, in France, blasphemy and disparagement of Muhammad are protected under free speech law. Certain public institutions may also enact policies restricting the freedom of speech, for example, speech codes at state-operated ...
The school was founded in 2009 on the principles of human rights and civil liberties by human rights Atty. Jose Manuel I. "Chel" Diokno, who is the chairman of the largest human rights group in the Free Legal Assistance Group or FLAG, and classes started in 2010. [1]
Under apartheid, freedom of speech was curtailed under apartheid legislation such as the Native Administration Act 1927 and the Suppression of Communism Act, 1950. [3] In light of South Africa's racial and discriminatory history, particularly the Apartheid era, the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa of 1996 precludes expression that is tantamount to the advocacy of hatred based on ...
The right to freedom of expression has been recognised as a human right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights law by the United Nations. Many countries have constitutional law that protects free speech. Terms like free speech, freedom of speech, and freedom of expression are used interchangeably in ...
The marketplace of ideas is a rationale for freedom of expression based on an analogy to the economic concept of a free market.The marketplace of ideas holds that the truth will emerge from the competition of ideas in free, transparent public discourse and concludes that ideas and ideologies will be culled according to their superiority or inferiority and widespread acceptance among the ...
In 2020, the Commission on Human Rights reiterated that the University of the Philippines Diliman campus, including Liwasang Diokno outside their headquarters, is a freedom park. [7] The Public Assembly Act of 1985 states that a "campus of a government-owned and operated educational institution" are freedom parks. [8]