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  2. Divisibility rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisibility_rule

    The sum of the ones digit, double the tens digit, and four times the hundreds digit is divisible by 8. 34,152: 4 × 1 + 5 × 2 + 2 = 16. 9: The sum of the digits must be divisible by 9. [2] [4] [5] 2,880: 2 + 8 + 8 + 0 = 18: 1 + 8 = 9. Subtracting 8 times the last digit from the rest gives a multiple of 9. (Works because 81 is divisible by 9)

  3. Arithmetic progression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_progression

    For instance, the sequence 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, . . . is an arithmetic progression with a common difference of 2. If the initial term of an arithmetic progression is a 1 {\displaystyle a_{1}} and the common difference of successive members is d {\displaystyle d} , then the n {\displaystyle n} -th term of the sequence ( a n {\displaystyle a_{n ...

  4. Difference of two squares - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_of_two_squares

    The difference of two squares can also be illustrated geometrically as the difference of two square areas in a plane. In the diagram, the shaded part represents the difference between the areas of the two squares, i.e. a 2 − b 2 {\displaystyle a^{2}-b^{2}} .

  5. Triangular number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_number

    The final digit of a triangular number is 0, 1, 3, 5, 6, or 8, and thus such numbers never end in 2, 4, 7, or 9. A final 3 must be preceded by a 0 or 5; a final 8 must be preceded by a 2 or 7. In base 10, the digital root of a nonzero triangular number is always 1, 3, 6, or 9. Hence, every triangular number is either divisible by three or has a ...

  6. Twin paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin_paradox

    In their rest frame the distance between the Earth and the star system is α d = 0.6 × 4 = 2.4 light years (length contraction), for both the outward and return journeys. Each half of the journey takes α d / v = 2.4 / 0.8 = 3 years, and the round trip takes twice as long (6 years). Their calculations show that they will arrive home having ...

  7. Coprime integers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coprime_integers

    Furthermore, if b 1, b 2 are both coprime with a, then so is their product b 1 b 2 (i.e., modulo a it is a product of invertible elements, and therefore invertible); [6] this also follows from the first point by Euclid's lemma, which states that if a prime number p divides a product bc, then p divides at least one of the factors b, c.

  8. Material conditional - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material_conditional

    For example, even though material conditionals with false antecedents are vacuously true, the natural language statement "If 8 is odd, then 3 is prime" is typically judged false. Similarly, any material conditional with a true consequent is itself true, but speakers typically reject sentences such as "If I have a penny in my pocket, then Paris ...

  9. Explanation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explanation

    The difference between explanations and arguments reflects a difference in the kind of question that arises. In the case of arguments, we start from a doubted fact, which we try to support by arguments. In the case of explanations, we start with an accepted fact, the question being why is this fact or what caused it.