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Control of the Congress from 1855 to 2025 Popular vote and house seats won by party. Party divisions of United States Congresses have played a central role on the organization and operations of both chambers of the United States Congress—the Senate and the House of Representatives—since its establishment as the bicameral legislature of the Federal government of the United States in 1789.
Congress [c] has a total of 535 voting members, a figure which includes 100 senators and 435 representatives; the House of Representatives has 6 additional non-voting members. The vice president of the United States , as President of the Senate, has a vote in the Senate only when there is a tie.
In the 109th Congress, for example, the Republicans controlled about 53% of the House, but had 54% of the Appropriations Committee members, 55% of the members on the Energy and Commerce Committee, and 58% of the members on the Judiciary Committee.
Democrats began the last Congress with the smallest House majority in 20 years: just 222 seats, four more than the minimum required for control. In January, when the next Congress begins ...
They receive compensation, benefits, and franking privileges (the ability to send outgoing U.S. mail without a stamp) similar to full House members. [5] The rules governing the rights of a non-voting member are set forth in the House Rules adopted in each congress (i.e., every two years).
Third-party and independent members of the United States Congress are generally rare. Although the Republican and Democratic parties have dominated U.S. politics in a two-party system since 1856, some independents and members of other political parties have also been elected to the House of Representatives or Senate, or changed their party affiliation during their term.
Americans are poised to elect a new Congress as every seat in the House of Representatives and one-third of the Senate is up before voters on Election Day. Republicans win control of the Senate ...
In a single week, the Republican chairs of three House committees announced they would not be seeking reelection, raising questions about whether the chaos that has reigned this Congress is ...