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Additional possible viral causes are arboviral flavivirus (St. Louis encephalitis, West Nile virus), bunyavirus (La Crosse strain), arenavirus (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus), reovirus (Colorado tick virus), and henipavirus infections. [14] [15] The Powassan virus is a rare cause of encephalitis. [16]
Symptoms usually occur acutely, [4] and the most common symptoms of infection are fever, headache, altered mental status, sensitivity to light, stiff neck and back, vomiting, confusion, and, in severe cases, seizures, paralysis, and coma. Neuropsychiatric features such as behavioral changes, hallucinations, or cognitive decline are frequent.
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of enteroviruses. [10] It typically begins with a fever and feeling generally unwell. [10] This is followed a day or two later by flat discolored spots or bumps that may blister, on the hands, feet and mouth and occasionally buttocks and groin.
Other symptoms are less common among people with COVID-19. Some people experience gastrointestinal symptoms such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. [1] [65] A June 2020 systematic review reported a 8–12% prevalence of diarrhea, and 3–10% for nausea. [2] Less common symptoms include chills, coughing out blood, diarrhea, and rash.
The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves. [15] The symptoms of influenza are similar to those of a cold, although usually more severe and less likely to include a runny nose. [6] [16] There is no vaccine for the common cold. [3]
At the onset of a virus, it’s very difficult to tell the difference between the three respiratory viruses, which all typically present like a cold in the first few days, said Dr. Sameer Kamath ...
With coxsackie and echo virus' specifically, a maculopapular rash may be present, or even the typical vesicles seen with Herpangina. [15] Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) can be differentiated from the common presenting meningeal symptoms by the appearance of a prodromal influenza-like sickness about 10 days before other symptoms begin ...
Many people, especially as they age, experience lightheadedness if they arise too quickly from a lying or seated position. Lightheadedness often accompanies the flu, hypoglycaemia, common cold, or allergies. Dizziness could be provoked by the use of antihistamine drugs, like levocetirizine, or by some antibiotics or SSRIs.