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The sacrificial animal required for a sin offering depended on the status of the sinner offering the sacrifice; for a high priest [15] or for the entire community, [16] a young bullock; for a king or nasi, a young male goat; [17] for other individuals, a female kid [18] or lamb; [19]
The high priest is the chief of all the priests; he should be anointed and invested with the priestly garments; but if the sacred oil were not obtainable, [36] investiture with the additional four garments is regarded as sufficient. [37] A high priest so invested is known as merubbeh begadim.
The High Priest performed all sacrifices offered on Yom Kippur (unlike other days when any priest could perform them), [13] but all other sacrifices - the Tamid and Mussaf sacrifices, as well as the rams of the atonement offering - were performed while wearing the High Priest's normal "golden" garments. [14]
Icon of "Christ the Great High Priest", vested as a bishop, on a bishop's cathedra, blessing as a priest. Christ, whom believers draw near to in confidence, offered Himself as the sacrifice for humanity as High Priest. [19] Old Testament priests declared the will of God, gave the covenant of blessing, and directed the processing of sacrifices. [20]
The prohibition against an anointed high priest uncovering his head or rending his clothes (Leviticus 21:10) The prohibition against offerings by Aaronid priests who are blemished (Leviticus 21:21-22) Case law concerning a blasphemer (Leviticus 24:10-15a and 24:23) The order for a trumpet sounding on Yom Kippur (Leviticus 25:9b)
The basis of the Aaronic priesthood was ancestry; the basis of the priesthood of Melchizedek is everlasting life. That is, there is no interruption due to a priest's death. (Heb. 7:8,15-16,23-25) Unlike the other high priests, Christ does not need to offer sacrifices day after day, first for his own sins, and then for the sins of the people.
The garments of the Israelite priests and high priests are described, and prescribed, in detail in Leviticus. For the high priest these include a priestly tunic, linen undergarments, sash, robe, priestly turban, ephod (with Urim and Thummim), and a priestly breastplate with 12 stones representing the twelve tribes of Israel.
This article gives a list of the high priests (Kohen Gadol) of ancient Israel up to the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 AD. Because of a lack of historical data, this list is incomplete and there may be gaps. A traditional list of the Jewish High Priests. The High Priests, like all Jewish priests, belonged to the Aaronic line.