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In the IEEE 754 standard, the 64-bit base-2 format is officially referred to as binary64; it was called double in IEEE 754-1985. IEEE 754 specifies additional floating-point formats, including 32-bit base-2 single precision and, more recently, base-10 representations ( decimal floating point ).
The IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic (IEEE 754) is a technical standard for floating-point arithmetic originally established in 1985 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
IEEE 754-1985 [1] is a historic industry standard for representing floating-point numbers in computers, officially adopted in 1985 and superseded in 2008 by IEEE 754-2008, and then again in 2019 by minor revision IEEE 754-2019. [2] During its 23 years, it was the most widely used format for floating-point computation.
With a little unpacking, an IEEE 754 double-precision value can be represented as: 2 ( − 1 ) s ⋅ E ⋅ M {\displaystyle 2^{(-1)^{s}\ \cdot \ E}\ \cdot \ M\ } where s is the sign of the exponent (either 0 or 1), E is the unbiased exponent, which is an integer that ranges from 0 to 1023, and M is the significand which is a 53-bit value that ...
The new IEEE 754 (formally IEEE Std 754-2008, the IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic) was published by the IEEE Computer Society on 29 August 2008, and is available from the IEEE Xplore website [4] This standard replaces IEEE 754-1985. IEEE 854, the Radix-Independent floating-point standard was withdrawn in December 2008.
In IEEE 754-2008, denormal numbers are renamed subnormal numbers and are supported in both binary and decimal formats. In binary interchange formats, subnormal numbers are encoded with a biased exponent of 0, but are interpreted with the value of the smallest allowed exponent, which is one greater (i.e., as if it were encoded as a 1).
The IEEE 754 standard allows two alternative encodings for decimal128 values: . The binary encoding, based on binary integer decimal (BID): The significand is encoded as an unsigned integer written in binary.
Be aware that the bit numbering used here for e.g. b 9 … b 0 is in opposite direction than that used in the document for the IEEE 754 standard b 0 … b 9, add. the decimal digits are numbered 0-base here while in opposite direction and 1-based in the IEEE 754 paper. The bits on white background are not counting for the value, but signal how ...