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Definitive diagnosis of Mallory-Weiss tears is by upper GI endoscopy of the esophagus and stomach. [2] [30] Typically, the tear is located near the top of the stomach's lesser curvature and below the gastroesophageal junction. In the majority of patients, tears usually range from approximately 2 to 4 cm in length.
[3] [4] A related condition is Mallory-Weiss syndrome which is only a mucosal tear. A common site of iatrogenic perforation is the cervical esophagus just above the upper sphincter, whereas spontaneous rupture as seen in Boerhaave syndrome perforation commonly occurs in the lower third of the esophagus. [5]
Depending on the amount of the blood loss, symptoms may include shock. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding can be caused by peptic ulcers, gastric erosions, esophageal varices, and rarer causes such as gastric cancer. The initial assessment includes measurement of the blood pressure and heart rate, as well as blood tests to determine the hemoglobin.
Hematemesis, in contrast to coffee ground vomitus, suggests that upper gastrointestinal bleeding is more acute or more severe, for example due to a Mallory–Weiss tear, gastric ulcer or Dieulafoy's lesion, or esophageal varices. This condition may be a medical emergency and urgent care may be required. [4] [5] [1]
Symptoms: Nausea: Complications: Aspiration, electrolyte and water loss, damage to the enamel of the teeth, tear of the esophageal mucosa ... (Mallory–Weiss tear ...
Other causes include Mallory-Weiss tears, cancer, and angiodysplasia. [2] A number of medications are found to cause upper GI bleeds. [16] NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors increase the risk about fourfold. [16] SSRIs, corticosteroids, and anticoagulants may also increase the risk. [16] The risk with dabigatran is 30% greater than that with warfarin. [17]
"The prognosis for full recovery from an isolated meniscus tear is excellent. I also think this injury is unlikely, although it would not be surprising if he sustained a meniscus tear in ...
Mallory–Weiss syndrome: bleeding tears in the esophagal mucosa, usually caused by prolonged and vigorous retching. [4] Vomiting of ingested blood after bleeding in the mouth, nose, or throat. [4] Tumors of the stomach or esophagus. [4] Irritation or erosion of the lining of the esophagus or stomach. Radiation poisoning. Viral hemorrhagic fevers.