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The Sumerian King List (SKL) records a dynasty of six kings from Mari enjoying hegemony between the dynasty of Adab and the dynasty of Kish. [1] The names of the Mariote kings were damaged on the early copies of the list, [2] and those kings were correlated with historical kings that belonged to the second kingdom. [3]
Zimri-Lim ruled Mari for about fifteen years, and campaigned extensively to establish his power in the neighboring areas along the Euphrates and the Khabur valley. He extended the royal palace in the city, which was possibly the largest at the time, containing over 260 rooms at the ground level, and certainly the envy of other kings.
The earliest attested king in the letter of Enna-Dagan is Ansud, who is mentioned as attacking Ebla, the traditional rival of Mari with whom it had a long war, [25] and conquering many of Ebla's cities, including the land of Belan. [note 4] [24] The next king mentioned in the letter is Saʿumu, who conquered the lands of Ra'ak and Nirum.
He was a contemporary of Zimri-Lim of Mari (r. 1775-1761 BC) and Hammurabi of Babylon (r. 1792-1750 BC). The King of Elam connected with the military expedition is not mentioned in the texts from Mari as an aggressor, but for chronological reasons it was most likely Siwe-Palar-Khuppak , who tried to get control over Mesopotamia, attacked ...
It is unclear how this bead came to be in Mari, but this points to some kind of relation between Ur and Mari at that time. [9] The bead was discovered in a jar containing other objects from Ur or Kish. [16] The letter of Enna-Dagan is extremely difficult to read, [17] and the word "Sa'umu" appeared in three passages of it. [3]
Some letters include direct quotes from King Hammurabi leading us to believe that they were contemporaneous with his rule. [19] Other letters shed light on divinity at Mari and in the ancient Near East. Letters from the epistolary archive include fascinating information about divination, gods, and even descriptions of ancient dreams.
A main target for expansion was the city of Mari, which controlled the caravan route between Anatolia and Mesopotamia. King Yahdun-Lim of Mari (fl. c. 1800 BC – c. 1700 BC) was assassinated by his own servants (possibly on Shamshi-Adad I's orders.) The heir to the throne of Mari, Zimri-Lim, was forced to flee to Yamhad. Shamshi-Adad I seized ...
Yahdunlim (or Yakhdunlim, Yahdun-Lim) was the king of Mari probably in 1820—1796 BC. He was of Amorite origin, and became king after the death of his father Iagitlim. Yahdunlim built Mari up to become one of the major powers of the region. He led a successful campaign to the coast of the Mediterranean.