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Figure 3. Formation of fringes in a Michelson interferometer This photo shows the fringe pattern formed by the Michelson interferometer, using monochromatic light (sodium D lines). As shown in Fig. 3a and 3b, the observer has a direct view of mirror M 1 seen through the beam splitter, and sees a reflected image M' 2 of mirror M 2.
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Schematic diagram of a Michelson interferometer, configured for FTIR. In a Michelson interferometer adapted for FTIR, light from the polychromatic infrared source, approximately a black-body radiator, is collimated and directed to a beam splitter. Ideally 50% of the light is refracted towards the fixed mirror and 50% is transmitted towards the ...
The first such interferometer built was at the Mount Wilson observatory, making use of its 100-inch (~250 centimeters) mirror. It was used to make the first-ever measurement of a stellar diameter, by Michelson and Francis G. Pease , when the diameter of Betelgeuse was measured in December 1920.
Linnik interferometer (microscopy) LUPI variant of Michelson; Lummer–Gehrcke interferometer; Mach–Zehnder interferometer; Martin–Puplett interferometer; Michelson interferometer; Mirau interferometer (also known as a Mirau objective) (microscopy) Moiré interferometer (see moiré pattern) Multi-beam interferometer ; Near-field interferometer
If they differ by a whole number and a half wavelengths (e.g., 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 ...) there will be constructive interference and a strong signal. Results will differ if a cube beam-splitter is employed, since a cube beam-splitter makes no distinction between a front- and rear-surface reflection.
The first implementation of a/LCI [6] used a Michelson interferometer, the same model used in the famous Michelson–Morley experiment. The Michelson interferometer splits one beam of light into two paths, one reference path and one sampling path, and recombines them again to produce a waveform resulting from interference. The difference ...
This means that as the interferometer's arms were spun to face into and against the aether wind, the vertical fringe lines should have moved across the viewer 0.4 fringe widths left and right for a total of 0.8 fringes from maximum to minimum. Michelson reported that only between one-sixth and one-quarter of the expected reading was found. [1]