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enum Enum1; // Invalid in C++03 and C++11; the underlying type cannot be determined. enum Enum2: unsigned int; // Valid in C++11, the underlying type is specified explicitly. enum class Enum3; // Valid in C++11, the underlying type is int. enum class Enum4: unsigned int; // Valid in C++11. enum Enum2: unsigned short; // Invalid in C++11 ...
Internally, each enum value contains an integer, corresponding to the order in which they are declared in the source code, starting from 0. The programmer cannot set a custom integer for an enum value directly, but one can define overloaded constructors that can then assign arbitrary values to self-defined members of the enum class. Defining ...
UCHAR_MAX, USHRT_MAX, UINT_MAX, ULONG_MAX, ULLONG_MAX(C99) – maximum possible value of unsigned integer types: unsigned char, unsigned short, unsigned int, unsigned long, unsigned long long; CHAR_MIN – minimum possible value of char; CHAR_MAX – maximum possible value of char; MB_LEN_MAX – maximum number of bytes in a multibyte character
converting a pointer of a base class to a pointer of a non-virtual derived class (downcasting); converting numeric data types such as enums to ints or floats . Although static_cast conversions are checked at compile time to prevent obvious incompatibilities, no run-time type checking is performed that would prevent a cast between incompatible ...
Each of the enumerated constants has type int. Each enum type itself is compatible with char or a signed or unsigned integer type, but each implementation defines its own rules for choosing a type. Some compilers warn if an object with enumerated type is assigned a value that is not one of its constants.
For example, Java's numeric types are primitive, while classes are user-defined. A value of an atomic type is a single data item that cannot be broken into component parts. A value of a composite type or aggregate type is a collection of data items that can be accessed individually. [ 6 ]
Convert to an unsigned int64 (on the stack as int64) and throw an exception on overflow. Base instruction 0x89 conv.ovf.u8.un: Convert unsigned to an unsigned int64 (on the stack as int64) and throw an exception on overflow. Base instruction 0x76 conv.r.un: Convert unsigned integer to floating-point, pushing F on stack. Base instruction 0x6B ...
int foo (int a [const]); // equivalent to int *const a int bar (char s [static 5]); // annotates that s is at least 5 chars long The functionality of compound literals in C is generalized to both built-in and user-defined types by the list initialization syntax of C++11, although with some syntactic and semantic differences.