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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), or fetal growth restriction, is the poor growth of a fetus while in the womb during pregnancy. IUGR is defined by clinical features of malnutrition and evidence of reduced growth regardless of an infant's birth weight percentile. [ 5 ]
Male contraceptives, also known as male birth control, are methods of preventing pregnancy by interrupting the function of sperm. [1] The main forms of male contraception available today are condoms , vasectomy , and withdrawal , which together represented 20% of global contraceptive use in 2019.
Diagram showing the site of injection of the product Vasalgel, a vasectomy alternative. Reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG), formerly referred to as the synthetic polymer styrene maleic anhydride (SMA), is the development name of a male contraceptive injection developed at IIT Kharagpur in India by the team of Dr. Sujoy K. Guha.
The product — which contains testosterone and a synthetic hormone called Nestorone that reduces sperm production — is the most advanced among a crop of novel birth control options for men.
The shot is an injection of the hormone progestin that provides birth control for three months at a time. Here’s what else you should know... Birth Control 101: Everything you need to know about ...
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Injection of medical polyurethane (MPU) to form a plug in the vas deferens resulted in azoospermia in 96% of men, though these result were seen 24 months after injection. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Studies on over 130 men following removal of the plug within five years showed successful restoration of fertility. [ 6 ]
The copper IUD (also known as a copper T intrauterine device) is a non-hormonal option of birth control. It is wrapped in copper which creates a toxic environment for sperm and eggs, thus preventing pregnancy. [2] The failure rate of a copper IUD is approximately 0.8% and can prevent pregnancy for up to 10 years.