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Seismic loading is one of the basic concepts of earthquake engineering which means application of an earthquake-generated agitation [1] to a structure. It happens at contact surfaces of a structure either with the ground, [ 2 ] or with adjacent structures, [ 3 ] or with gravity waves from tsunami .
Seismic performance assessment or seismic structural analysis is a powerful tool of earthquake engineering which utilizes detailed modelling of the structure together with methods of structural analysis to gain a better understanding of seismic performance of building and non-building structures. The technique as a formal concept is a ...
Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design , earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering ) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent.
Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is a computational analysis method of earthquake engineering for performing a comprehensive assessment of the behavior of structures under seismic loads. [1] It has been developed to build upon the results of probabilistic seismic hazard analysis in order to estimate the seismic risk faced by a given structure.
In spite of the fact that the rotational components may significantly affect the seismic behavior of structures, their influence is not currently considered in most modern design codes, [7] which the main reasons of this ignorance may be attributed to: (1) lack of sufficient recorded data on the rotational accelerations; (2) difficulty in ...
MESA is a seismic survey design software currently owned by ION Geophysical. [1] The software provides set of tools for optimizing onshore, offshore and transition zone survey design and planning. The software comes with three licenses namely, MESA field, MESA Professional and MESA Expert. [2]
For land acquisition, different types of sources may be used depending on the acquisition settings. Explosive sources such as dynamite are the preferred seismic sources in rough terrains, in areas with high topographic variability or in environmentally sensitive areas e.g. marshes, farming fields, mountainous regions etc. [4] Such type of sources needs to be buried (coupled) into the ground in ...
The formula to calculate surface wave magnitude is: [3] = + (), where A is the maximum particle displacement in surface waves (vector sum of the two horizontal displacements) in μm, T is the corresponding period in s (usually 20 ± 2 seconds), Δ is the epicentral distance in °, and