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Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein primarily found in neural tissue, making up as much as one percent of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. [17] It is expressed highly in neurons within the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and olfactory bulb, [17] but can also be found in the non-neuronal glial cells. [18]
Alpha-synuclein deposits can affect the cardiac muscle and blood vessels. [15] Almost all people with synucleinopathies have cardiovascular dysfunction, although most are asymptomatic. [15] From chewing to defecation, alpha-synuclein deposits affect every level of gastrointestinal
Alpha-synuclein modulates DNA repair processes, including repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the process of non-homologous end joining [13] The repair function of alpha-synuclein appears to be greatly reduced in Lewy body bearing neurons, and this reduction may trigger cell death.
The illness occurs due to abnormal accumulations of a protein called alpha-synuclein in a person’s cells and brain. These deposits of alpha-synuclein (called Lewy bodies) can cause severe ...
Other types of dementia that affect those over 65 include Lewy body dementia, brought on by abnormal deposits of the protein alpha-synuclein known as Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, created by ...
Also, DLB is a synucleinopathy, meaning that it is characterized by abnormal deposits of alpha-synuclein protein in the brain. The synucleinopathies include Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and other rarer conditions. [14] The vocabulary of diseases associated with Lewy pathology causes confusion. [15]
A. Schematic initial progression of Lewy body deposits in the first stages of Parkinson's Disease, as proposed by Braak and colleagues. B. Localization of the area of significant brain volume reduction in initial PD compared with a group of participants without the disease in a neuroimaging study which concluded that brain stem damage may be the first identifiable stage of PD neuropathology. [1]
Mutations in alpha-synuclein are associated with early-onset familial Parkinson's disease and the protein aggregates abnormally in Parkinson's disease, Lewy body disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. [5] [6] The gamma-synuclein protein's expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression. [7] [8]