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Let X be an affine space over a field k, and V be its associated vector space. An affine transformation is a bijection f from X onto itself that is an affine map; this means that a linear map g from V to V is well defined by the equation () = (); here, as usual, the subtraction of two points denotes the free vector from the second point to the first one, and "well-defined" means that ...
In mathematics, the affine group or general affine group of any affine space is the group of all invertible affine transformations from the space into itself. In the case of a Euclidean space (where the associated field of scalars is the real numbers), the affine group consists of those functions from the space to itself such that the image of every line is a line.
In plane geometry, a shear mapping is an affine transformation that displaces each point in a fixed direction by an amount proportional to its signed distance from a given line parallel to that direction. [1] This type of mapping is also called shear transformation, transvection, or just shearing.
A reflection about a line or plane that does not go through the origin is not a linear transformation — it is an affine transformation — as a 4×4 affine transformation matrix, it can be expressed as follows (assuming the normal is a unit vector): [′ ′ ′] = [] [] where = for some point on the plane, or equivalently, + + + =.
Origins from Alice's and Bob's perspectives. Vector computation from Alice's perspective is in red, whereas that from Bob's is in blue. The following characterization may be easier to understand than the usual formal definition: an affine space is what is left of a vector space after one has forgotten which point is the origin (or, in the words of the French mathematician Marcel Berger, "An ...
In mathematics, a transformation, transform, or self-map [1] is a function f, usually with some geometrical underpinning, that maps a set X to itself, i.e. f: X → X. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Examples include linear transformations of vector spaces and geometric transformations , which include projective transformations , affine transformations , and ...