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There were renewed Scandinavian attacks on England at the end of the 10th century. Æthelred ruled a long reign but ultimately lost his kingdom to Sweyn of Denmark, though he recovered it following the latter's death. However, Æthelred's son Edmund II Ironside died shortly afterwards, allowing Cnut, Sweyn's son, to become king of England.
Anglo-Saxon England or Early Medieval England covers the period from the end of Roman Britain in the 5th century until the Norman Conquest in 1066. It consisted of various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms until 927, when it was united as the Kingdom of England by King Æthelstan (r. 927–939).
Homo antecessor lived before the ancestors of Neanderthals split from the ancestors of Homo sapiens 600,000 years ago. Summer temperatures at Happisburgh were an average of 16-17 degrees C (60.8-61.6 degrees F) and average winter temperatures were slightly colder than present day temperatures, around freezing point or just below.
The ancestors of the people who built Stonehenge were Neolithic farmers originating from Anatolia who brought agriculture to Europe. [10] At the time of their arrival, around 4,000 BC, Britain was inhabited by groups of hunter-gatherers who were the first inhabitants of the island after the last Ice Age ended about 11,700 years ago. [11]
The consensus in the first decades of the twenty-first century was that the spread of English can be explained by a minority of Germanic-speaking immigrants becoming politically and socially dominant, in a context where Latin had lost its usefulness and prestige due to the collapse of the Roman economy and administration. In Higham's assessment ...
Cnut, a Dane, was the first to call himself "King of England". During the Norman period Rex Anglorum remained standard, with occasional use of Rex Anglie ("King of England"). From John's reign onwards all other titles were eschewed in favour of Rex or Regina Anglie .
Mary I, the future queen of England (r. 1553-1558), is born to parents Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. 1521: Lutheran writings begin to circulate in England. 1527 21 May Phillip II, the future king of England (r. 1554-1558), is born to parents Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire and Isabella of Portugal. 1526
449: According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Hengist and Horsa (Saxon leader), arrives in England; c. 466: Battle of Wippedesfleot; 597: Arrival of St. Augustine; 793: Vikings raid Lindisfarne; 802: Vikings ransack monastery on Iona; 843: Birth of Kingdom of Scotland with union of the Picts and the Scots