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dpkg (Debian Package) itself is a low-level tool. APT (Advanced Package Tool), a higher-level tool, is more commonly used than dpkg as it can fetch packages from remote locations and deal with complex package relations, such as dependency resolution. Frontends for APT, like aptitude and synaptic , are used for their friendlier interfaces.
dpkg: Originally used by Debian and now by Ubuntu. Uses the .deb format and was the first to have a widely known dependency resolution tool, APT. The ncurses-based front-end for APT, aptitude, is also a popular package manager for Debian-based systems; Entropy: Used by and created for Sabayon Linux.
Debian packages are used in distributions based on Debian, such as, Linux Mint (LMDE), [28] [29] KDE neon, Ubuntu and many others. Fink, a port of dpkg and APT to macOS, uses deb packages. [30] [31] Nexenta OS, a discontinued OS based on OpenSolaris, included Debian package management software and the use of deb packages.
APT was originally designed as a front end for dpkg to work with Debian's .deb packages. A version of APT modified to also work with the RPM Package Manager system was released as APT-RPM. [29] The Fink project has ported APT to Mac OS X for some of its own package management tasks, [30] and APT is also available in OpenSolaris.
dpkg and dselect support this partially through the hold flag in package selections; APT extends the hold flag through the complex "pinning" mechanism [11] (Users can also blacklist a package [12]) aptitude has "hold" and "forbid" flags; portage supports this through the package.mask configuration file
Debian (/ ˈ d ɛ b i ə n /), [7] [8] also known as Debian GNU/Linux, is a free and open source [b] Linux distribution, developed by the Debian Project, which was established by Ian Murdock in August 1993. Debian is one of the oldest operating systems based on the Linux kernel, and is the basis for many other Linux distributions.
Debian family tree. Debian (a portmanteau of the names "Deb" and "Ian") Linux is a distribution that emphasizes free software. It supports many hardware platforms. Debian and distributions based on it use the .deb package format [2] and the dpkg package manager and its frontends (such as apt or synaptic). [3]
aptitude was created in 1999. At the time two other terminal-based APT-like front ends were available: the dselect program, which had been used to manage packages on Debian before APT was created, and the console-apt program, a project that was considered to be the heir apparent to dselect.