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Sir Joseph Whitworth, 1st Baronet (21 December 1803 – 22 January 1887) was an English engineer, entrepreneur, inventor and philanthropist. [2] In 1841, he devised the British Standard Whitworth system, which created an accepted standard for screw threads. [3]
A screw thread is a helical structure used to convert between rotational and linear movement or force. A screw thread is a ridge wrapped around a cylinder or cone in the form of a helix, with the former being called a straight thread and the latter called a tapered thread.
Maudslay was the fifth of seven children of Henry Maudslay, a wheelwright in the Royal Engineers, and Margaret (nee Whitaker), the young widow of Joseph Laundy. [1] His father was wounded in action and so in 1756 became an 'artificer' at the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich (then in Kent), where he remained until 1776 [2] and died in 1780.
British Standard Whitworth (BSW) is an imperial-unit-based screw thread standard, devised and specified by Joseph Whitworth in 1841 and later adopted as a British Standard. It was the world's first national screw thread standard, and is the basis for many other standards, such as BSF , BSP , BSCon , and BSCopper .
Charles Fredrick Wiesenthal (1726–1789) [1] was a German-American physician and inventor who was awarded the patent for the first known mechanical device for sewing in 1755.
Where a fastener forms its own thread in the component being fastened, it is called a screw. [3] This is most obviously so when the thread is tapered (i.e. traditional wood screws), precluding the use of a nut, [3] or when a sheet metal screw or other thread-forming screw is used. A screw must always be turned to assemble the joint.
The tapped hole (or nut) into which the screw fits, has an internal diameter which is the size of the screw minus the pitch of the thread. Thus, an M6 screw, which has a pitch of 1 mm, is made by threading a 6 mm shank, and the nut or threaded hole is made by tapping threads into a hole of 5 mm diameter (6 mm − 1 mm).
Most screw threads are oriented so that when seen from above, the screw shaft moves away from the viewer (the screw is tightened) when turned in a clockwise direction. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] This is known as a right-handed ( RH ) thread, because it follows the right hand grip rule : when the fingers of the right hand are curled around the shaft in the ...