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Polyethylene terephthalate is produced largely from purified terephthalic acid (PTA), as well as to a lesser extent from (mono-)ethylene glycol (MEG) and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). [ 41 ] [ 5 ] As of 2022, ethylene glycol is made from ethene found in natural gas , while terephthalic acid comes from p-xylene made from crude oil .
Virtually the entire world's supply of terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate are consumed as precursors to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). World production in 1970 was around 1.75 million tonnes. [8] By 2006, global purified terephthalic acid (PTA) demand had exceeded 30 million tonnes.
The melting point for average commercial low-density polyethylene is typically 105 to 115 °C (221 to 239 °F). These temperatures vary strongly with the type of polyethylene, but the theoretical upper limit of melting of polyethylene is reported to be 144 to 146 °C (291 to 295 °F). Combustion typically occurs above 349 °C (660 °F).
Melting point: −12.9 °C (8.8 °F; 260.2 K) ... Polyethylene terephthalate, used to make plastic bottles for soft drinks, is prepared from ethylene glycol.
BoPET (biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate) is a polyester film made from stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and is used for its high tensile strength, [1] chemical stability, [1] dimensional stability, [2] transparency [1] reflectivity, and electrical insulation. [1] When metallized, it has [3] gas and moisture barrier ...
HDPE is known for its high strength-to-density ratio. [4] The density of HDPE ranges from 930 to 970 kg/m 3. [5] Although the density of HDPE is only marginally higher than that of low-density polyethylene, HDPE has little branching, giving it stronger intermolecular forces and tensile strength (38 MPa versus 21 MPa) than LDPE. [6]
Melting point: 41 to 61 °C (106 to 142 °F; 314 to 334 K) ... The copolymer with PET is known as glycol-modified polyethylene terephthalate, PETG. PETG is used in ...
Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is a thermoplastic engineering polymer that is used as an insulator in the electrical and electronics industries. [2] It is a thermoplastic (semi-)crystalline polymer , and a type of polyester .