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In general terms, a motor is a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work; for example, many protein-based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP in order to perform mechanical work. [1]
Kinesin, an example of a molecular motor that uses ATP to "walk" along nanotubules, is now thought to be an example of a Brownian motor. Brownian motors are nanoscale or molecular machines that use chemical reactions to generate directed motion in space. [1]
The prototype of a chemically driven rotary molecular motor by Kelly and co-workers. The motor by Kelly and co-workers is an elegant example of how chemical energy can be used to induce controlled, unidirectional rotational motion, a process which resembles the consumption of ATP in organisms in order to fuel numerous processes. However, it ...
The first example of an artificial molecular machine (a switchable molecular shuttle). The positively charged ring (blue) is initially positioned over the benzidine unit (green), but shifts to the biphenol unit (red) when the benzidine gets protonated (purple) as a result of electrochemical oxidation or lowering of the pH .
Many of these molecular motors are ubiquitous in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, although some, such as those involved with cytoskeletal elements or chromatin, are unique to eukaryotes. The motor protein prestin, [14] expressed in mammalian cochlear outer hair cells, produces mechanical amplification in the cochlea. It is a direct ...
In general terms, a motor is a device that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work; for example, many protein-based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP in order to perform mechanical work. [10]
The single-molecule electric motor is an electrically operated synthetic molecular motor made from a single butyl methyl sulphide molecule. [1] The molecule is adsorbed onto a copper (111) single-crystal piece by chemisorption . [ 1 ]
One of the new biocompatible technologies would be to utilize enzymes for the directional delivery of cargo. [37] [38] A proposed branch of research is the integration of molecular motor proteins found in living cells into molecular motors implanted in artificial devices.