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Contaminated objects can also spread the disease. [8] Coxsackievirus A16 is the most common cause, and enterovirus 71 is the second-most common cause. [6] Other strains of coxsackievirus and enterovirus can also be responsible. [6] [12] Some people may carry and pass on the virus despite having no symptoms of disease. [10] Other animals are not ...
Coxsackieviruses are divided into group A and group B viruses based on early observations of their pathogenicity in neonatal mice. [1] Group A coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a flaccid paralysis (which was caused by generalized myositis) while group B coxsackieviruses were noted to cause a spastic paralysis (due to focal muscle injury and degeneration of neuronal tissue).
Infectious diseases Herpangina , also called mouth blisters , is a painful mouth infection caused by coxsackieviruses . Usually, herpangina is produced by one particular strain of coxsackie virus A (and the term "herpangina virus" refers to coxsackievirus A), [ 1 ] but it can also be caused by coxsackievirus B or echoviruses . [ 2 ]
Coxsackie A virus is a subgroup of enterovirus A, which are small, non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Its protective, icosahedral capsid has an external portion that contains sixty copies of viral proteins (VP1,-2,-3) and an internal portion surrounding the RNA genome containing sixty copies of VP4 viral proteins.
Coxsackie B infections usually do not cause serious disease, although for newborns in the first 1–2 weeks of life, Coxsackie B infections can easily be fatal. [2] The pancreas is a frequent target, which can cause pancreatitis. [2] Coxsackie B3 (CB3) infections are the most common enterovirus cause of myocarditis and sudden cardiac death. [8]
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a childhood illness most commonly caused by infection by Coxsackie A virus or EV71. Encephalitis is rare manifestation of enterovirus infection; [49] when it occurs, the most frequent enterovirus found to be causing it is echovirus 9. Myocarditis is characterized by inflammation of the myocardium (cardiac muscle ...
Patients with Coxsackie B4 virus have seemed to have herpangina, tonsillitis, and pharyngitis. [6] CB4 virus has caused transplacental infections in mice. Infection in the first couple weeks of gestation has been shown to be harmful for dams as well as the fetus, causing reduced litter sizes, abortion, or stillbirth.
Echovirus 9 (also known as E-9, E.C.H.O. 9, and formerly Coxsackie A23 or A23 virus) [1] is a serotype of echovirus. When first discovered, it was labelled as a coxsackie A virus, A23. It was later discovered that A23 was an echovirus antigenically identical to the already-known echovirus 9. [2] Echovirus 9 is the most common enterovirus type. [3]