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Crosses in heraldry. A number of cross symbols were developed for the purpose of the emerging system of heraldry, which appeared in Western Europe in about 1200. This tradition is partly in the use of the Christian cross an emblem from the 11th century, and increasingly during the age of the Crusades.
Heraldry is the system of visual identification of rank and pedigree which developed in the European High Middle Ages, [2] closely associated with the courtly culture of chivalry, Latin Christianity, the Crusades, feudal aristocracy, and monarchy of the time. Heraldic tradition fully developed in the 13th century, and it flourished and ...
In France, the Cross of Lorraine was the symbol of Free France during World War II, the liberation of France from Nazi Germany and Vichy France along with the allies the United Kingdom and the United States, and Gaullism and includes several variations of a two-barred cross. The Cross was displayed on the flags of Free French warships, and the ...
The heraldry of the shield was first seen among the aristocratic elite of counts, before spreading by imitation to squire lords and then to ordinary knights. [Ha 3] By the end of the twelfth century and into the thirteenth, coats of arms were being adopted by all noblemen, right down to simple squires. [Pa 5] [Pa 7]
Cross of the Order of Saint John. Cross of the Order of Saint Lazarus. The Maltese cross is a cross symbol, consisting of four "V" or arrowhead shaped concave quadrilaterals converging at a central vertex at right angles, two tips pointing outward symmetrically. It is a heraldic cross variant which developed from earlier forms of eight-pointed ...
Christian cross variants. 7th-century Byzantine solidus, showing Leontius holding a globus cruciger, with a stepped cross on the obverse side. Double-barred cross symbol as used in a 9th-century Byzantine seal. Greek cross (Church of Saint Sava) and Latin cross (St. Paul's cathedral) in church floorplans. The Christian cross, with or without a ...
List of Saint Patrick's crosses. Cross of Saint Peter. Cross of Salem. Saltire. Serbian cross. Sun cross. Swastika.
The German Hyghalmen Roll was made in the late 15th century and illustrates the German practice of repeating themes from the arms in the crest. (See Roll of arms).. Heraldry is a discipline relating to the design, display and study of armorial bearings (known as armory), as well as related disciplines, such as vexillology, together with the study of ceremony, rank and pedigree.