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Credibility theory is a branch of actuarial mathematics concerned with determining risk premiums. [1] To achieve this, it uses mathematical models in an effort to forecast the (expected) number of insurance claims based on past observations.
Bühlmann model. In credibility theory, a branch of study in actuarial science, the Bühlmann model is a random effects model (or "variance components model" or hierarchical linear model) used to determine the appropriate premium for a group of insurance contracts. The model is named after Hans Bühlmann who first published a description in 1967.
Credibility comprises the objective and subjective components of the believability of a source or message. Credibility dates back to Aristotle theory of Rhetoric. Aristotle defines rhetoric as the ability to see what is possibly persuasive in every situation. He divided the means of persuasion into three categories, namely Ethos (the source's ...
Confirmation bias (also confirmatory bias, myside bias, [a] or congeniality bias[2]) is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior beliefs or values. [3] People display this bias when they select information that supports their views, ignoring contrary information, or when ...
In international relations, credibility is the perceived likelihood that a leader or a state follows through on threats and promises that have been made. [ 1] Credibility is a key component of coercion (i.e. compellence and deterrence ), as well as the functioning of military alliances. [ 2] Credibility is related to concepts such as reputation ...
The credibility thesis is a proposed heterodox theoretical framework for understanding how societal institutions or social rules come about and evolve. It posits that institutions emerge from intentional institution-building but never in the originally intended form. [1] Instead, institutional development is endogenous and spontaneously ordered ...
Conversely, when pro-fringe editors leave Wikipedia, it becomes more trustworthy. [13] The recipe for increased credibility is simple: be anti-fringe; be factual and call things by their right names; and firmly oppose pro-fringe editors. This requires discerning and opposing pro-fringe editors. They insidiously subvert our core content policies ...
Source credibility is "a term commonly used to imply a communicator's positive characteristics that affect the receiver's acceptance of a message." [1] Academic studies of this topic began in the 20th century and were given a special emphasis during World War II, when the US government sought to use propaganda to influence public opinion in support of the war effort.