Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
An increase in carbon dioxide causes tension of the arteries, often resulting from increased CO 2 output (hypercapnia), indirectly causes the blood to become more acidic; the cerebrospinal fluid pH is closely comparable to plasma, as carbon dioxide easily diffuses across the blood–brain barrier.
Reference ranges for other molecules in CSF Substance Lower limit Upper limit Unit Corresponds to % of that in plasma Glucose: 50 [2] 80 [2] mg/dL ~60% [1] 2.2, [3] 2.8 [1] 3.9, [3] 4.4 [1] mmol/L Protein: 15 [1] [2] 40, [4] 45 [1] [2] mg/dL ~1% [1] Albumin: 7.8 [5] 40 [5] mg/dL: 0 [6] - 0.7% [6] - corresponding to an albumin (CSF/serum ...
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable border of endothelial cells that regulates the transfer of solutes and chemicals between the circulatory system and the central nervous system, thus protecting the brain from harmful or unwanted substances in the blood. [1]
As a rule, patients with normal blood pressure retain normal alertness with ICP of 25–40 mmHg (unless tissue shifts at the same time). Only when ICP exceeds 40–50 mmHg does CPP and cerebral perfusion decrease to a level that results in loss of consciousness. Any further elevations will lead to brain infarction and brain death. [citation needed]
CSF/serum albumin ratio is a test performed to compare the levels of albumin in the cerebrospinal fluid and the serum. It is useful as a measure of the integrity of the blood–brain barrier . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ]
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless transcellular body fluid found within the meningeal tissue that surrounds the vertebrate brain and spinal cord, and in the ventricles of the brain. CSF is mostly produced by specialized ependymal cells in the choroid plexuses of the ventricles of the brain, and absorbed in the arachnoid granulations .
Blood levels of oxygen become important in hypoxia. These levels are sensed by central chemoreceptors on the surface of the medulla oblongata for decreased pH (indirectly from the increase of carbon dioxide in cerebrospinal fluid ), and the peripheral chemoreceptors in the arterial blood for oxygen and carbon dioxide.
The CSF/serum glucose ratio, also known as CSF/blood glucose ratio, is a measurement used to compare CSF glucose and blood sugar. Because many bacteria metabolize glucose, and because the blood–brain barrier minimizes transversal, the ratio can be useful in determining whether there is a bacterial infection in the CSF. The normal ratio is 0.6 ...