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Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, [1] [2] causing it to harden. Calcifications may be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and the location of the calcification. [3]
The radiological features of myositis ossificans are ‘faint soft tissue calcification within 2–6 weeks, (may have well-defined bony margins by 8 weeks) separated from periosteum by lucent zone and on CT, the characteristic feature is peripheral ossification’. [10] [11] [12]
Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the calcification occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue, as in hyalinized scars, degenerated foci in leiomyomas, and caseous nodules. This occurs as a reaction to tissue damage, [ 1 ] including as a consequence of medical device implantation.
Ectopic calcification is a pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues or bone growth in soft tissues.This can be a symptom of hyperphosphatemia.Formation of osseous tissue in soft tissues such as the lungs, eyes, arteries, or other organs is known as ectopic calcification, dystrophic calcification, or ectopic ossification.
Calcinosis is the formation of calcium deposits in any soft tissue. [1] It is a rare condition that has many different causes. These range from infection and injury to systemic diseases like kidney failure.
Fibroblasts that are acting like chondrocytes can deposit calcium into the soft tissues as they do in bone. Calcification in the tendons is a common component of tendinopathy. The calcification consists of tendinitis is caused by deposits of calcium phosphate crystals in the tendon. [1]
Note the premature arterial calcification which is a clue that this is a renal patient. Vascular calcification contributes to an increase in morbidity. Tumoral calcinosis is a rare condition in which there is calcium deposition in the soft tissue in periarticular location, around joints , outside the joint capsule . [ 1 ]
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (/ ˌ f aɪ b r oʊ d ɪ ˈ s p l eɪ ʒ (i) ə ɒ ˈ s ɪ f ɪ k æ n z p r ə ˈ ɡ r ɛ s ɪ v ə /; [1] abbr. FOP), also called Münchmeyer disease or formerly myositis ossificans progressiva, is an extremely rare connective tissue disease in which fibrous connective tissue such as muscle, tendons, and ligaments turn into bone tissue (ossification).