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  2. Division by zero - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_by_zero

    A positive or negative number when divided by zero is a fraction with the zero as denominator. Zero divided by a negative or positive number is either zero or is expressed as a fraction with zero as numerator and the finite quantity as denominator. Zero divided by zero is zero. In 830, Mahāvīra unsuccessfully tried to correct the mistake ...

  3. James A. D. W. Anderson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_A._D._W._Anderson

    The report implied that Anderson had discovered the solution to division by zero, rather than simply attempting to formalize it. The report also suggested that Anderson was the first to solve this problem, when in fact the result of zero divided by zero has been expressed formally in a number of different ways (for example, NaN).

  4. Extraneous and missing solutions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraneous_and_missing...

    The solution = is in fact a valid solution to the original equation; but the other solution, =, has disappeared. The problem is that we divided both sides by x {\displaystyle x} , which involves the indeterminate operation of dividing by zero when x = 0. {\displaystyle x=0.}

  5. Zero to the power of zero - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_to_the_power_of_zero

    Zero to the power of zero, denoted as 0 0, is a mathematical expression with different interpretations depending on the context. In certain areas of mathematics, such as combinatorics and algebra , 0 0 is conventionally defined as 1 because this assignment simplifies many formulas and ensures consistency in operations involving exponents .

  6. Collatz conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture

    As an illustration of this, the parity cycle (1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0) and its sub-cycle (1 1 0 0) are associated to the same fraction ⁠ 5 / 7 ⁠ when reduced to lowest terms. In this context, assuming the validity of the Collatz conjecture implies that (1 0) and (0 1) are the only parity cycles generated by positive whole numbers (1 and 2 ...

  7. Remainder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remainder

    Given an integer a and a non-zero integer d, it can be shown that there exist unique integers q and r, such that a = qd + r and 0 ≤ r < | d |. The number q is called the quotient, while r is called the remainder. (For a proof of this result, see Euclidean division. For algorithms describing how to calculate the remainder, see Division algorithm.)

  8. Division (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_(mathematics)

    In terms of partition, 20 / 5 means the size of each of 5 parts into which a set of size 20 is divided. For example, 20 apples divide into five groups of four apples, meaning that "twenty divided by five is equal to four". This is denoted as 20 / 5 = 4, or ⁠ 20 / 5 ⁠ = 4. [2] In the example, 20 is the dividend, 5 is the divisor, and 4 is ...

  9. Division algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_algorithm

    Long division is the standard algorithm used for pen-and-paper division of multi-digit numbers expressed in decimal notation. It shifts gradually from the left to the right end of the dividend, subtracting the largest possible multiple of the divisor (at the digit level) at each stage; the multiples then become the digits of the quotient, and the final difference is then the remainder.