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The Eastern Temperate Forest Ecoregion has favorable growing conditions for a number of plant species, the dominant being large, broadleaf, deciduous trees. [2] Before the arrival of Europeans, this area was almost completely forested.
Eastern hemlock, for example, is commonly replaced by black birch in the northeast—a slow-growing, shade-tolerant and deep shade producing evergreen tree, replaced by a fast-growing, open, deciduous tree. While short-term forest productivity was discussed above, long-term productivity of ash forests will depend on the species which fill the ...
Temperate deciduous forests are characterized by a variety of temperate deciduous tree species that vary based on region. [6] Most tree species present in temperate deciduous forests are broadleaf trees that lose their leaves in the fall, [8] though some coniferous trees such as pines (Pinus) are present in northern temperate deciduous forests. [6]
The Carolinian forest refers to a life zone in eastern North America characterized primarily by the predominance of deciduous (broad-leaf) forest. [1] The term "Carolinian", which is most commonly used in Canada, refers to the deciduous forests which span across much of the eastern United States from North Carolina northward into southern Ontario, Canada.
These covered 36% of the region's land and 52% of the upland areas. Of this, less than 1% of the unaltered forest still stands. [9] In the Eastern Deciduous Forest, frequent fires kept open areas that supported herds of bison. Agricultural Native Americans extensively burned a substantial portion of this forest.
Some of the animals that live in the Northeastern coastal deciduous forests are white-tailed deer, eastern gray squirrels, chipmunks, red foxes, sparrows, chickadees, copperheads, rattlesnakes, northern water snakes, box turtles, snapping turtles, black rat snakes, garter snakes, snails, American toads, coyotes, black bears, bobcats, beavers ...
Regional climate was similar to or slightly drier than modern conditions. Oak, hickory, chestnut, and southern pine species were abundant. Walnuts, beech, sweetgum, alder, birch, tulip tree, elms, hornbeams, tilias, and others that are generally common in modern southern deciduous forests were also common then.
The eastern forest–boreal transition is a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion of North America, mostly in eastern Canada. It is a transitional zone or region between the predominantly coniferous Boreal Forest and the mostly deciduous broadleaf forest region further south.