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In computer science, the computational complexity or simply complexity of an algorithm is the amount of resources required to run it. [1] Particular focus is given to computation time (generally measured by the number of needed elementary operations) and memory storage requirements.
Many computer systems measure time and date using Unix time, an international standard for digital timekeeping. Unix time is defined as the number of seconds elapsed since 00:00:00 UTC on 1 January 1970 (an arbitrarily chosen time based on the creation of the first Unix system), which has been dubbed the Unix epoch. [6]
On 5 January 1975, the 12-bit field that had been used for dates in the TOPS-10 operating system for DEC PDP-10 computers overflowed, in a bug known as "DATE75". The field value was calculated by taking the number of years since 1964, multiplying by 12, adding the number of months since January, multiplying by 31, and adding the number of days since the start of the month; putting 2 12 − 1 ...
In computer science, and more specifically in computability theory and computational complexity theory, a model of computation is a model which describes how an output of a mathematical function is computed given an input. A model describes how units of computations, memories, and communications are organized. [1]
A computational model uses computer programs to simulate and study complex systems [1] using an algorithmic or mechanistic approach and is widely used in a diverse range of fields spanning from physics, [2] engineering, [3] chemistry [4] and biology [5] to economics, psychology, cognitive science and computer science.
Approximation algorithms naturally arise in the field of theoretical computer science as a consequence of the widely believed P ≠ NP conjecture. Under this conjecture, a wide class of optimization problems cannot be solved exactly in polynomial time. The field of approximation algorithms, therefore, tries to understand how closely it is ...
The term model year in computer modeling is used for calculated equations describing one calendar year of data. If a climate model , for example, is calculating the climate from 2015 to 2020, the computer has to calculate 5 model years, however it most likely takes much less time for the computer to do so.
1.8×10 1: ENIAC, first programmable electronic digital computer, 1945 [2] 5×10 1: upper end of serialized human perception computation (light bulbs do not flicker to the human observer) 7×10 1: Whirlwind I 1951 vacuum tube computer and IBM 1620 1959 transistorized scientific minicomputer [2]