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There are three types of umbilical prolapse that can occur: [12] overt umbilical cord prolapse: descent of the umbilical cord past the presenting fetal part. In this case, the cord is through the cervix and into or beyond the vagina. Overt umbilical cord prolapse requires rupture of membranes. This is the most common type of cord prolapse.
Congenital umbilical hernia is a congenital malformation of the navel (umbilicus). Among adults, it is three times more common in women than in men; among children, the ratio is roughly equal. [3] It is also found to be more common in children of African descent. [4] [5] [6]
Umbilical cord compression can result from, for example, entanglement of the cord, [16] a knot in the cord, [16] or a nuchal cord, [16] (which is the wrapping of the umbilical cord around the fetal neck) [17] but these conditions do not always cause obstruction of fetal circulation. Velamentous cord insertion; Single umbilical artery; Umbilical ...
Umbilical cord prolapse may occur, particularly in the complete, footling, or kneeling breech. [23] This is caused by the lowermost parts of the baby not completely filling the space of the dilated cervix. [23] When the waters break the amniotic sac, it is possible for the umbilical cord to drop down and become compressed. [23]
Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord comes out of the uterus with or before the presenting part of the fetus. It is a relatively rare condition and occurs in fewer than 1% of pregnancies. Cord prolapse is more common in women who have had rupture of their amniotic sac.
Prolapsed cord can only happen after the membranes have ruptured. [69] The umbilical cord delivers before the presenting part of the foetus. If the foetus is not delivered within minutes, or the pressure taken off the cord, the foetus dies. [70]
Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord comes out of the uterus with or before the presenting part of the fetus. Umbilical cord prolapse should always be considered a possibility when there is a sudden decrease in fetal heart rate or variable decelerations, particularly after the rupture of membranes. With overt prolapses, the ...
Intrauterine hypoxia (also known as fetal hypoxia) occurs when the fetus is deprived of an adequate supply of oxygen.It may be due to a variety of reasons such as prolapse or occlusion of the umbilical cord, placental infarction, maternal diabetes (prepregnancy or gestational diabetes) [1] and maternal smoking.